CVD occurs when your venous system has an abnormality; the valves in the veins don't function properly, hindering venous return. Consequently, there may be greater fluid accumulation in the legs and increased pressure in the veins. This situation contributes to inflammation, swelling, the appearance of clots, thrombi, varicose veins, edema, and changes in skin color.

Risk factors:

- Age, female gender, genetic predisposition, obesity, smoking, sedentary lifestyle, and constipation.

How to diagnose the disease:

Evaluate blood vessel flow through ultrasound or Doppler ultrasound. Venotropic medication may help reduce symptoms. In more severe cases such as varicose veins, edema, or ulcers, sclerotherapy or surgical intervention may be necessary.

How to avoid/prevent:

• Avoid excess weight;

• Avoid standing or sitting for long periods of time;

• Practice physical exercise: cycling, walking, swimming, marching, or slow jogging;

• Avoid prolonged sun exposure, hot baths, and saunas;

• Elevate your legs at the end of the day;

• Avoid flat or high heels. The recommended height is between 3 and 4 centimeters;

• Avoid very tight clothing, as it compresses the veins and hinders circulation;

• Rinse your legs in cold water to stimulate venous return and relieve pain and the sensation of heavy legs;

• Prevent constipation. Eat a diet rich in fiber, consume 1.5 liters of water, and reduce your consumption of saturated fats and salt;

• Practice Manual Lymphatic Drainage (MLD).

Margarida Silvestre